Candles are for sure made mainly of wax, but there are many different kinds of wax available. Each wax type has its own qualities and advantages, and each has a very slightly different look and stability. Most candles on the market at present are made of paraffin, which is a petroleum derivative. However when paraffin candles are burnt they give off hazardous toxins. These days a new candle wax is becoming popular and that is soy candles. Scented soy candles when burned do not give off dangerous toxins. Soy wax and paraffin wax can be made in many distinct consistencies, including a soft wax for pot candles and harder waxes for hurricane candles. Many candles fall somewhere in the middle, with a mid-density paraffin that can be utilized in molded candles of all types. It can also be used for taper candles, though there is also an unique formula specifically for tapers.

Other forms of wax are soy wax, as mentioned earlier, bees wax as well as a new unique palm wax. All of these forms are celebrated as being more natural, and are superior for the environment. Soy wax, made from soy beans, is a clean-burning wax with a similar consistency to the mid-range paraffin waxes. Bees wax is a softer wax, and is prized for its flexibility. Beeswax is often formed into sheets with a honeycomb design. Someone purchasing these sheets can then make a convenient taper candle by wrapping the soft sheet around a wick and pressing it firmly. One disadvantage of beeswax however is that it is very expensive. As you can see, soy candles are your best alternative to paraffin wax candles.

Candle wicks are available in different sizes that correspond to the diameter of the candle. Bigger candles, often candles above six inches in size, need more than one wick. Wicks are made of cotton treated with chemical components that delays their burn rate. A wick may consist of only the treated cotton, or it may have a stiff core to allow it to remain straighter as it burns. The cores are generally made of either a thickened piece of cotton, a tightly rolled band of paper, or zinc. Lead candle wicks are not anymore made because of the health risks connected with lead.

Candle wax is treated with various chemicals to give it the color, stiffness and fragrance desired. Color usually comes in pigment blocks that can be dissolved into the wax. Fragrance comes in either liquid or solid block form. To produce more solid candles, Stearine or Vybar is often included to increase the burning spell of the candle. Additional effects can be formed with other additives that can make the wax dappled, translucent or give it a snowflake pattern. Changing the wax's additive recipe can greatly change the look of the wax, giving candles the wide range of colors and effects that found on the market today.

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